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β-粒子在穿越铜狭缝中的横向台阶分布

朱永强,郝建宇

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第8期   页码 81-86

摘要：

文章研究了电子高速运动时所产生的横向振动。实验方法是利用半圆聚焦β-谱仪上90Sr源β-粒子在不同磁场下对于相同弯曲半径下β-粒子具有不同的能量和动量的特性，研究这些β-粒子在通过不同宽度的铜狭缝（厚8 mm）时的粒子数n和铜狭缝宽度δ的函数关系，发现不管β-粒子具有什么能量和动量，都具有横向运动的趋势和在铜狭缝中出现了台阶分布。其原因可能是β-粒子本身具有横向振幅A和周围真空起伏能量的相互作用。

关键词： β-粒子的横向振动     铜狭缝宽度     横向台阶分布    

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Enhanced hydrogen production from aqueous methanol solution using TiO

Paramasivan GOMATHISANKAR,Tomoko NODA,Hideyuki KATSUMATA,Tohru SUZUKI,Satoshi KANECO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 197-202 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1417-y

摘要： The photocatalytic hydrogen production from aqueous methanol solution using titanium dioxide (TiO ) was investigated in the addition of metal particles including copper, lead, tin, and zinc. The results show that only the addition of copper particles enhances the hydrogen production. The copper usage and reaction temperature were further optimized for TiO /Cu photocatalyts. Under the optimal conditions, the hydrogen production using TiO /Cu as photocatalysts is approximately 68 times higher than that obtained with only TiO .

关键词： photocatalytic hydrogen generation     methanol     copper particles     TiO2     metal-semiconductor interface    

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Calculation of collision frequency function for aerosol particles in free molecule regime in presence

Xiaowei LUO, Yannick BENICHOU, Suyuan YU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 506-510 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0275-5

摘要： The collision frequency function for aerosol particles has already been calculated for the free molecule regime and for the continuum range. The present work, taking into account the influence of internal force fields such as magnetic force, electric force and molecular forces, created by particles themselves, recalculated the collision frequency in the case of particles much smaller than the mean free path of the gas (free molecule regime). Attractive forces increase naturally the collision frequency, while repulsive forces decrease it. The calculation was performed for all types of central forces deriving from a potential, including Coulomb forces and Van der Waals forces.

关键词： aerosol particles     collision frequency function     coagulation    

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Polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes: a brief overview

Zhen-liang XU, Li-yun YU, Ling-feng HAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 318-329 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0199-0

摘要： Polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes present an interesting approach for improving the physical and chemical, as well as separation properties of polymer membranes, because they possess characteristics of both organic and inorganic membranes such as good permeability, selectivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability and so on. The preparations and structures of polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes and their unique properties are reviewed.

关键词： polymer     nanoinorganic particles     composite membranes    

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Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)-associated protobiofilm: A neglected contributor to biofouling

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1361-7

摘要：

• Bacteria could easily and quickly attached onto TEP to form protobiofilms.

关键词： Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)     TEP-protobiofilm     Bacteria attachment     Biofouling of membrane    

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Dynamic characteristics of molten droplets and hot particles falling in liquid pool

Liangxing LI, Weimin MA, Huixiong LI, Tingkuan CHEN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 246-251 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0077-y

摘要： The dynamic characteristics of molten droplets and hot particles at the very beginning of their fall into coolant pools are presented. The falling course of a single droplet or a single hot particle was recorded by a high-speed camera and a curve of velocity . time was obtained. Emphasis was placed on the effects of the droplet’s size and temperature, the coolant’s temperature and properties, and the droplet’s physical properties on the moving behavior. The results for the all cases showed that the velocity of a falling droplet/particle decreased rapidly but rebounded shortly, at the beginning of droplet/particle falling in the coolant. Following such a V-shaped evolution in velocity, the droplet/particle slows down gradually to a comparatively steady velocity. An increase in either coolant temperature or droplet temperature results in a larger velocity variation in the “J-region”, but a smaller deceleration when it moves out of the “J-region”. The elevated volatility of a coolant leads to a steeper deceleration in the “J-region” and beyond. The bigger size of a particle leads to a greater velocity variation in the “J-region” and terminal velocity. A high melting point and thermal conductivity as well as lower heat capacity contribute to dramatic variation in the “J-region” and low terminal velocity.

关键词： dynamic characteristics     molten droplets     high-temperature particles     fuel and coolant interactions    

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Selective removal of phenol by spherical particles of

Qingchuan CHEN, Yicun WEN, Yu CANG, Li LI, Xuhong GUO, Rui ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 162-169 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1318-5

摘要： Spherical particles of -, - and -cyclodextrin (CD) polymers to efficiently remove phenol from waste water were prepared by reverse suspension polymerization with epichlorohydrin as crosslinker in liquid paraffin. By controlling the amounts of crosslinker and water, well-defined spherical polymer particles with controllable size were obtained. Due to the selective inclusion associations between CD groups and phenol, these CD spherical polymer particles were demonstrated to be ideal candidates for removal of phenol. Among them -CD polymer particles showed the best performance. The kinetics and isothermal equilibrium models were used to fit the experimental data of phenol removal from aqueous solution using these CD polymer particles. It was found that the kinetics followed the Ho and Mckay equation, suggesting that the adsorption process of phenol was controlled by diffusion and the host-guest interaction between CD and phenol. Equilibrium isothermal data can be well fitted by the Freundlich equation. The negative free energy change indicated the spontaneous nature of adsorption of phenol by -, - and -CD spherical polymer particles, while the lowest free energy for -CD polymer reflected its best adsorption ability, compared to - and -CD polymer particles.

关键词： cyclodextrin polymer particles     phenol     kinetic models     adsorption isotherm equilibrium models    

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Characteristics and mixing state of S-rich particles in haze episodes in Beijing

Jun Hu, Fengkui Duan, Kebin He, Yongliang Ma, Shuping Dong, Xiande Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0861-y

摘要： Four types of S-rich particles are identified by SEM/FESEM-EDX With on-line observation, characteristics of S-rich particles are discovered Intensities of formation of S-rich particles are seasonally different Direct individual analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy combined with online observation was conducted to examine the S-rich particles in PM of two typical polluted haze episodes in summer and winter from 2014 to 2015 in Beijing. Four major types of S-rich particles, including secondary CaSO particles (mainly observed in summer), S-rich mineral particles (SRM), S-rich water droplets (SRW) and (C, O, S)-rich particles (COS) were identified. We found the different typical morphologies and element distributions of S-rich particles and considered that (C, O, S)-rich particles had two major mixing states in different seasons. On the basis of the S-rich particles’ relative abundances, S concentrations and their relationships with PM as well as the seasonal comparison, we revealed that the S-participated formation degrees of SRM and SRW would enhance with increasing PM concentration. Moreover, C-rich matter and sulfate had seasonally different but significant impacts on the formation of COS.

关键词： S-rich particles     Morphology     Element distribution     Mixing state    

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Copper and zinc interaction on water clearance and tissue metal distribution in the freshwater mussel

Tianxiang XIA, Xuehua LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 236-242 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0218-8

摘要： Copper and zinc interaction on clearance from water and distribution in different tissues was investigated for the freshwater mussel, , under laboratory conditions. Clearance rate of Cu or Zn from water was highly dependent on exposure concentration. Interaction effect was most evident at 300 μg·L Cu exposure and depressed the Zn clearance rate significantly ( <0.05). However, the presence of 100 μg·L and 300 μg·L Zn hardly affected the Cu clearance rate. The 300 μg·L Cu presence enhanced Cu accumulation in each tissue most significantly ( <0.01), but caused Zn content to decrease in the gills by 62% ( <0.05), viscera by 49% ( <0.05) and foot by 31% ( <0.05), and increase in the mantle by 97% ( <0.05) and the muscles by 243% ( <0.05) for different Zn exposure treatments. The response of metal accumulation in various tissues of the test mussels indicated that Zn transferred from the gills, viscera and foot to the mantle and muscles might be one of the important characteristics of the Zn regulatory mechanism by leading to a narrow range of Zn concentration in the different tissues.

关键词： interaction     mussel     copper     zinc     clearance     distribution    

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Identification and assessment of environmental burdens of Chinese copper production from a life cycle

Xiaolong SONG,Jianxin YANG,Bin LU,Bo LI,Guangyuan ZENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 580-588 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0599-8

摘要： The environmental burdens of Chinese copper production have been identified and quantified in the context of typical technologies, materials supplies and environmental emissions by a life cycle approach. Primary and secondary copper production using copper ores and scraps, respectively, were analyzed in detail. The flash and bath smelting approaches and the recycling of copper scraps were selected as representative copper production processes. A quantitative analysis was also conducted to assess the influence of material transport distance in copper production. Life cycle assessment (LCA) results showed that resources depletion and human health contribute significantly to environmental burdens in Chinese copper production. In addition, the secondary copper production has dramatically lower environmental burdens than the primary production. There is no obvious distinction in overall environmental burdens in primary copper production by flash or bath smelting approach. However, resources depletion is lower and the damage to human health is higher for flash smelting approach. Ecosystem quality damage is slight for both approaches. Environmental burdens from the mining stage contribute most in all life cycle stages in primary copper production. In secondary copper production, the electrolytic refining stage dominates. Based on the life cycle assessment results, some suggestions for improving environmental performance were proposed to meet the sustainable development of Chinese copper industry.

关键词： copper production     environmental burden     life cycle assessment     refined copper    

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迎接铜工业挑战——低成本处理硫化铜精矿途径的思考

朱祖泽

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第2期   页码 87-90

摘要：

对过去10年来铜冶炼的技术进步和铜价格的变化作出的简要回顾指出，未来铜市场的竞争是取决于冶炼技术的生产成本的竞争。坚持自我研究开发和引进相结合才能保证我国铜工业健康稳定发展，并能应付国际竞争。评述了现在强氧化-PS转炉吹炼-火法精炼-电解流程的不足；分析了火湿法联合流程的可能性及依据；新的火湿法联合流程将有更强的竞争优势。

关键词： 未来铜工业     硫化铜精矿     低成本处理    

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Fundamental influences of particles on stirred and unstirred venting processes of foaming systems

Henrik LEIMEISTER,Jörg STEINBACH

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 141-148 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1423-0

摘要： Venting is the common safety measure to protect plant equipment against excessive overpressure. So far, scenarios in which particles were part of the system and should have been accounted for did ignore their presence; the scenarios were treated like a two-phase system. Current research shows that particles can have a major influence on the venting behaviour. Experimental results indicate that particles affect level swell and relief flow especially of foamy systems. Based on those results four different layers of influence of the particle have been identified and are presented in a first model. Based on this model recommendations for the development of new and more complex models are given.

关键词： venting     multi-phase    

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Hygroscopicity of ambient submicron particles in urban Hangzhou, China

Jiachen ZHANG, Lin WANG, Jianmin CHEN, Shengmao FENG, Jiandong SHEN, Li JIAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 342-347 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0358-7

摘要： In this study, hygroscopicity of size-segregated ambient submicron particles in urban Hangzhou was studied from 28th December 2009 to 18th January 2010, using a hygroscopicity-tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA). The submicron particles in Hangzhou showed a minor hygroscopic growth at 73% relative humidity (RH), and then grew significantly between 77% and 82% RH. Monomodal distribution accounted for 90% for 30 nm particles, 17% for 50 nm particles, and less than 7% for particles larger than 50 nm at 82% RH. Deconvolution of the bimodal distribution indicated a less hygroscopic group and a more hygroscopic group, with the fraction of the more hygroscopic group increasing with the initial dry particle size and then remaining almost constant for accumulation mode particles. Our results imply that submicron particles in urban Hangzhou were almost entirely externally mixed, and the hygroscopic properties of ambient particles in urban Hangzhou were mainly a function of their size and chemical composition.

关键词： hygroscopicity     hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA)     submicron ambient particles     Hangzhou    

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Variability of waste copper slag concrete and its effect on the seismic safety of reinforced concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 117-130 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0788-7

摘要： Proven research output on the behavior of structures made of waste copper slag concrete can improve its utilization in the construction industry and thereby help to develop a sustainable built environment. Although numerous studies on waste copper slag concrete can be found in the published literature, no research has focused on the structural application of this type of concrete. In particular, the variability in the strength properties of waste copper slag concrete, which is required for various structural applications, such as limit state design formulation, reliability-based structural analysis, etc., has so far not attracted the attention of researchers. This paper quantifies the uncertainty associated with the compressive-, flexural- and split tensile strength of hardened concrete with different dosages of waste copper slag as fine aggregate. Best-fit probability distribution models are proposed based on statistical analyses of strength data generated from laboratory experiments. In addition, the paper presents a reliability-based seismic risk assessment of a typical waste copper slag incorporated reinforced concrete framed building, considering the proposed distribution model. The results show that waste copper slag can be safely used for seismic resistant structures as it results in an identical probability of failure and dispersion in the drift demand when compared with a conventional concrete building made of natural sand.

关键词： waste copper slag     quantification of variability     goodness-of-fit test     seismic risk assessment     PSDM    

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Collaborative control of fine particles and ozone required in China for health benefit

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1692-2

摘要：

● Increased DAAO offsets 3/4 of the decrease of DAAP in 2013–2020.

关键词： Excess deaths     Long-term exposure     Fine particle     Ozone    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

β-粒子在穿越铜狭缝中的横向台阶分布

朱永强,郝建宇

期刊论文

Enhanced hydrogen production from aqueous methanol solution using TiO

Paramasivan GOMATHISANKAR,Tomoko NODA,Hideyuki KATSUMATA,Tohru SUZUKI,Satoshi KANECO

期刊论文

Calculation of collision frequency function for aerosol particles in free molecule regime in presence

Xiaowei LUO, Yannick BENICHOU, Suyuan YU

期刊论文

Polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes: a brief overview

Zhen-liang XU, Li-yun YU, Ling-feng HAN

期刊论文

Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)-associated protobiofilm: A neglected contributor to biofouling

期刊论文

Dynamic characteristics of molten droplets and hot particles falling in liquid pool

Liangxing LI, Weimin MA, Huixiong LI, Tingkuan CHEN,

期刊论文

Selective removal of phenol by spherical particles of

Qingchuan CHEN, Yicun WEN, Yu CANG, Li LI, Xuhong GUO, Rui ZHANG

期刊论文

Characteristics and mixing state of S-rich particles in haze episodes in Beijing

Jun Hu, Fengkui Duan, Kebin He, Yongliang Ma, Shuping Dong, Xiande Liu

期刊论文

Copper and zinc interaction on water clearance and tissue metal distribution in the freshwater mussel

Tianxiang XIA, Xuehua LIU

期刊论文

Identification and assessment of environmental burdens of Chinese copper production from a life cycle

Xiaolong SONG,Jianxin YANG,Bin LU,Bo LI,Guangyuan ZENG

期刊论文

迎接铜工业挑战——低成本处理硫化铜精矿途径的思考

朱祖泽

期刊论文

Fundamental influences of particles on stirred and unstirred venting processes of foaming systems

Henrik LEIMEISTER,Jörg STEINBACH

期刊论文

Hygroscopicity of ambient submicron particles in urban Hangzhou, China

Jiachen ZHANG, Lin WANG, Jianmin CHEN, Shengmao FENG, Jiandong SHEN, Li JIAO

期刊论文

Variability of waste copper slag concrete and its effect on the seismic safety of reinforced concrete

期刊论文

Collaborative control of fine particles and ozone required in China for health benefit

期刊论文